![]() The oldest cruisers submarines were those of series I, comprising 6 boats (1928-29), followed by series II (6), series XI (6), series XIII and XIII bis (7 and 6). In addition, there were a number of former personnel on duty, the US-based class 4 (1916-23) and the Bezbozhnik, a former British class L submarine, sunk by "red" destroyers at Kronstadt, then captured, refloated, repaired and returned to service in 1931. It was classified in three categories: oceanic, coastal (coastal) and light (coastal). Surprisingly enough and despite of this, the Soviet submarine fleet in 1941 was the largest in the world, ahead of Germany and Italy, and Western democracies. The glory and power of the Imperial fleet prior ro 1905 was just a distant memory. A green water navy that was defensive in essence, but designed to inflict maximal damage. Submarine development of the Soviet Navy before WW2 started again in 1924 when early strategists of the Soviet Admiralty envisioned a form of naval defense close to the French theories of the young school, comprising few heavy units but many torpedo boats, minelayers, submersibles and coast guards. There was a vacancy of ten years on which to draw better, modern designs. ![]() Torpedoes were of the old 457 mm caliber, but only four in conventional hull tubes in the bow, while the remainder 8 were surface-fired in drop-collars.įrom these humble beginnings, the Soviet Navy, started late in the game but settling, like in other matters, on mass production rather than overall quality or innovation, and created the largest submarine force in the world, with 285 submarines, the immense majority of which were already in service when the war broke out. Armament for the same reasos diverged greatly between boats, 63 mm, 37 mm, 63 mm and 75 mm. Diesels were of various origins and not satisfactory as thos intended were almost never delivered. But they were a kind of upgraded and enlarged Morzh, with more powerful engines, better torpedo armament and larger guns. They were crude, single hulled and lacked internal bulkheads. The Bars design drew from previous designs from Ivan Bubnov, which already signed the Morzh class. Two were lost in 1931, two in 1935, and the remainder were BU in 1936. Of the 25 started only a handful survived the revolution and civil was and were still in service in 1930: Leopard, Pantera, Rys, Tur, Volk, Yaguar, Zmeya and Ezhr. The very last properly Russian type was the Bars class ("Bear"), a 650 tons semi-oceanic type from the Baltic Yard, St Petersburg, and Noblessner Yard, Reval (now Tallinn), both planned for the baltic, black sea, and later "Siberian flotilla" and delivered between 19, but of course completion was disrupted by the Russian revolution for some. She almost look modern as the drop-collars initially planned were never fitted. Modern Western designs were considered when licence-building in wartime the 'Amerikansky Golland' (Holland 602GF/602L type). The delfin, Kasatka, Son, Forel, Osetr single units or limited classes were of the 1905 era, and the Pochtovy, Minoga, Akula, Karp class, Kaiman class, Morzh class, Narval class and the revolutionary Krab were all related to WWI. Long before the civil war, with the appearance of the first submarines at the occasion of the 1878 war, to negate the advantage of the massive Ottoman Turk navy, and in 1905, as a way to counterbalance the Japanese Imperial Navy. WW2 Soviet submarines Soviet Navy - 238 submersibles 1928-45 Boats surviving the civil war
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